钧 声
By Jun Sheng
一段时间以来，乌克兰局势引起国际社会高度关注。然而，就在国际社会纷纷呼吁通过对话以和平方式解决争端之时，美国却持续搅浑舆论，嫁祸于人，误导世界。盘点乌克兰问题的来龙去脉不难发现：肆意兴风作浪的“惯犯”美国，正是乌克兰危机的始作俑者。
The Ukraine situation has captured close international attention lately. While the whole world is calling for settling the disputes in peaceful ways through dialogue, the US continues to muddy the waters, shift the blame, and mislead the world. A closer look at what is happening in Ukraine now and why it is happening easily reveals the following truth: the US, the habitual boat-rocker, is the culprit for the ongoing crisis.
乌克兰今日的战火，“导火线”是由美国埋下的。长期以来，为了打压和围堵俄罗斯，压缩这个大国的战略空间，美国祭出两大“阴招”：一是持续推进北约东扩，二是在俄周边大搞“颜色革命”。
It was the US that laid the fuse that has led to the war today. For many years, the superpower has played two dirty tricks to suppress and contain Russia and squeeze its strategic space – pushing NATO’s eastward expansion and instigating “Color Revolution” around Russia.
作为欧洲安全的重要支柱，“安全不可分割原则”指出，不应以牺牲一国安全为代价来确保另一国的安全。这一原则被写入了1975年《赫尔辛基最后议定书》序言、1990年《新欧洲巴黎宪章》、1997年俄与北约签署的基础关系文件、1999年欧安组织伊斯坦布尔通过的《欧洲安全宪章》以及2011年俄美《关于进一步削减和限制进攻性战略武器措施的条约》序言等文件。
According to the “indivisible security principle”, a pillar of European security, one country’s security should not be guaranteed at the expense of another’s. This principle is included in the preface to the Helsinki Final Act of 1975, in the Charter of Paris for a New Europe of 1990, in the document on basic relations signed by Russia and NATO in 1997, in the Charter for European Security adopted by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) in Istanbul 1999, in the preface to the Treaty between The United States of America and the Russian Federation on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (New START) of 2011, among others.
然而，上世纪90年代苏联解体后，美国违背承诺，打着所谓“巩固民主”“延伸稳定、推进共同价值观”等幌子推进北约东扩。美国前驻苏联大使乔治•凯南曾指出，扩大北约将会是整个后冷战时代美国外交政策中最致命的错误，但美国政府对此置若罔闻，不断向东推进北约军事部署，挑战俄罗斯战略安全底线。有评论一针见血地指出：一些国家应该想一想，在美方违背同俄罗斯的协议五次将北约东扩至俄家门口并部署大量先进进攻性战略武器时，他们有没有想过把一个大国逼到绝地的后果？
However, after the Soviet Union disintegrated in the 1990s, the US broke its word and began to push the eastward expansion of NATO in the name of “consolidating democracy, extending stability and promoting common values”. Former US ambassador to Soviet Union George Kennan once warned that expanding NATO would be the most lethal mistake in America’s diplomatic policy in the whole post-Cold-War era, but the US government brushed him off and continued with the eastward expansion and military deployments, constantly challenging Russia’s bottom line of strategic security. One comment hit the nail on the head, saying that certain countries should ask themselves, when the US drove five waves of NATO expansion eastward all the way to Russia’s doorstep and deployed advanced offensive strategic weapons in breach of its assurances to Russia, whether they had ever thought about the consequences of pushing a big country to the wall.
新世纪以来，美国在俄罗斯周边大搞“颜色革命”，扶植亲美政权和势力，将乌克兰作为美国实现其地缘政治目标的“桥头堡”，试图借助乌克兰这枚棋子加大对俄罗斯的孤立和打压。拜登政府上台后对俄态度强硬，一再鼓动乌克兰与俄罗斯对抗，表态支持乌克兰加入北约，加强对乌政府的军事援助。在此背景下，乌政府多次表示，要以武力“收回”克里米亚并结束俄罗斯对乌东部的“侵略”。与此同时，北约加强了在黑海地区的军事活动，并试图在乌克兰进行军事部署，新明斯克协议也迟迟未能有效执行。美国著名国际问题专家托马斯·弗里德曼曾发表文章指出，美国的重大决策失误导致与俄方关系恶化，美政府应该为此承担相当大的责任。
In the new century, the US has kept stirring up the “Color Revolution” around Russia, fostered pro-US regimes and forces, and made Ukraine a “bridgehead” to achieve its own geopolitical goals by using it as a chess piece to isolate and suppress Moscow. After Joe Biden took office, he has been tough on Moscow and has been egging Ukraine on to confront Russia with empty promises like supporting it in joining NATO and giving it military aid. Emboldened by these gestures, Kyiv clamored about “taking back” Crimea by force” and “putting an end to Moscow’s “invasion” of east Ukraine”. At the same time, NATO reinforced its military operations in the Black Sea region and tried to deploy troops in Ukraine, not to mention the Minsk II agreements still haven’t been effectively executed. Thomas Friedman, a celebrated American expert on international issues, wrote an article saying that the American government is largely to blame for the worsening relationship with Russia because of its miscalculated decisions.
挑动乌克兰危机，是美国的精心算计，除了围堵俄罗斯，还可以借此掌控欧洲事务主导权，顺手卖武器发大财，可谓机关算尽。欧洲议会议员赫维•朱文认为，美国扮演挑起冲突的角色，企图利用俄乌冲突控制欧洲，并且阻挠欧洲在安全事务上独立自主。此外，拜登政府推动乌克兰局势升温还有着自己的“小算盘”。美国今年将迎来中期选举，拜登政府内政鲜有建树，国内疫情凶猛，通货膨胀严重。炒热乌克兰问题，可体现拜登对俄强硬一面，展现美国对地区局势的所谓“掌控力”，提振低迷的支持率。
Inciting the Ukraine crisis is a carefully planned and crafted move by the US, through which it can not only besiege Russia but also take over European affairs and make a fortune selling weapons into the bargain. What a perfect deal! Member of the European Parliament Herve Juvin said that on the crisis between Russia and Ukraine, the US is a fomenter of the conflict and hopes to take advantage of it to control Europe and obstruct European independence on security affairs. Moreover, the Biden administration also has its own calculations for flaming up the Ukraine situation – the midterms are around the corner but the president hasn’t done much at home to speak for himself as the pandemic is still rampaging and inflation is hitting a record high. Hyping the Ukraine issue can present a tough Biden up against Russia, showcase America’s so-called control of the regional situation, and consequently buoy the low rating.
冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。乌克兰问题发展到今天，原因错综复杂，但当务之急是尽快使局势降温。解铃还须系铃人。作为危机的始作俑者，美国应当切实反躬自省，承担起应尽责任，为缓和局势、解决问题拿出实际行动，而不是处心积虑地嫁祸于人。
Rome is not built in one day. There are extremely complicated reasons why the Ukraine issue has evolved to what it is today, but the pressing task now is chilling down the tension as fast as possible. As the root cause of it all, Washington should make some serious self-reflection, live up to its responsibilities, and take concrete actions to mitigate the situation and resolve the issue instead of busying itself with blame-shifting and buck-passing.
